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Description

p-21-activated kinase (PAK) interacting exchange factor (PIX) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor. PIX is a necessary component for the recruitment, regulation and activation of Rac1, as it is able to directly bind Rac1 via its SH3 domain. Studies indicate that PIX may also have an active role as a positive regulator of apoptosis, an inducer of membrane ruffling and in cell migration. Along with Rac1, PIX has been shown to regulate and interact with GIT1 and NOD2. Alternative splicing and initiation give rise to 8 known isoforms. Expression of PIX has been localized to the central nervous system. Isoforms B, C and E have highest expression in the testis and brain.