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Description

Insulin-like growth factor I (UniProt P05019, also known as IGF-I, Somatomedin-C) is encoded by the IGF1 (also known as IGFI, MGF) gene (Gene ID 3479) in human. Human insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a single chain 70 amino acid polypeptide that shares structural homology with insulin and human IGF-II. IGF-I plays a critical role in growth, differentiation and development via autocrine, paracrine and endocrine mechanisms. It is a mitogen and also has effects on cell migration and differentiation. IGF-I is a regulator of metabolism and is also implicated in the pathophysiology of cancer, diabetes and obesity. Upon binding the tetrameric (alpha:beta)2 IGF-I receptor, the receptor alpha chains induce the tyrosine autophosphorylation of the beta chains, which in turn trigger cell type-specific downstream signaling cascade of events.