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Beschreibung

Izumo sperm-egg fusion protein 1 (UniProt: Q9D9J7, also known as Oocyte binding/fusion factor, OBF, Sperm-specific protein izumo) is encoded by the Izumo1 gene (Gene ID: 73456) in murine species. OBF is a single-pass type I membrane protein that is detected on sperm surface after the acrosome reaction. It is an essential sperm cell-surface protein required for fertilization by acting as a ligand for IZUMO1R/JUNO receptor on egg. It can be present as a monomer, homodimer, or homooligomer. It is synthesized with a signal peptide (aa 1-21), which is cleaved off in the mature form, which has an extracellular domain (aa 22-319), a short transmembrane domain (aa 320-340), and a cytoplasmic domain (aa 341-397). The extracellular domain assumes a distinct boomerang shape when not bound to IZUMO1R/JUNO. Its interaction with IZUMO1R/JUNO triggers a conformation change, so that the IZUMO1 extracellular domain assumes an upright conformation. A region comprising of 13 amino acids (148-160) is important for its interaction with IZUMO1R. Mab120 is a fusion-inhibiting antibody that inhibits fertilization. It binds to a region designated as putative functional fragment (aa 5-113). (Ref.: Inoue, N et al. (2013). Development. 140(15), 3221-3229).