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Beschreibung

Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk1 (EC 2.7.11.1, UniProt O00141, also known as Serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1) is encoded by the SGK1 (also known as SGK) gene (Gene ID 6446) in human. SGK1 is a serine/threonine kinase that is induced in response to a variety of stimuli, including serum, osmotic shock, FSH, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoids. It is expressed in most tissues with highest levels observed in in the pancreas, followed by placenta, kidney, and lung. SGK1 is involved in the regulation of a wide variety of ion channels, membrane transporters, cellular enzymes, transcription factors, neuronal excitability, cell growth, proliferation, survival, migration and apoptosis. It is also reported to play an important role in cellular stress response. It is also involved in the regulation of renal sodium retention and potassium elimination. SGK1 activity is regulated by phosphorylation and is activated by phosphorylation on Ser422 by mTORC2. This phosphorylation transforms it into a substrate for PDPK1, which phosphorylates it on Thr256. Phosphorylation on Ser397 and Ser401 are also considered to be essential for its activity. It is negatively regulated by ubiquitination and proteasome degradation. High levels of expression of SGK1 gene may contribute to conditions such as hypertension and diabetic nephropathy. SGK1 has been reported to be up-regulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its over-expression promotes the growth and migration of NSCLC cells via GSK-3 beta phosphorylation and activation of beta-catenin/TCF signaling.Ref.: Xiaobo, Y et al. (2016) Gene 576, 339-346.