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Beschreibung

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) that causes distinctive polyarthritis or polyarthralgia with clinical features such as fever, maculopapular rash, and myalgia is transmitted by Aedes spp of mosquitoes. Immune compromised individuals may face serious complications, including encephalitis and mortality. CHIKV genome contains a single-stranded positive-sense RNA that encodes four non-structural proteins known as nsP1, nsP2, nsP3, and nsP4 and also five structural proteins that include a capsid protein, three envelope glycoproteins known as (E1, E2, and E3, and a small molecule known as 6K. The mature alphavirus particles express E1 and E2 heterodimers that form 80 trimeric spikes on the surface of the virion. The ectodomain E1 protein consists of three domains known as D1, DII, and DIII. The DIII domain is an immunoglobulin-like domain connected to D1 and DII by a flexible linker. Both E1 and E2 proteins are responsible for virus entry into host cells. The E2 glycoprotein interacts with a cellular receptor, resulting in the virus internalization and the E1 glycoprotein mediates virus fusion to host cell under low pH conditions. Following the fusion of the viral envelope with the endosomal membrane, the viral genomic RNA is released into the cytoplasm and starts replicating. (Ref.: Marsinoul, P., et al. (2014). Virology 464-465, 111-117, Lam, S., et al. (2015). mAbs 7(6), 1178-1194).