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Beschreibung

5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A (UniProt P46098, also known as 5-HT-3, 5-HT3-A, 5-HT3A, 5-HT3R, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3, Serotonin receptor 3A, Serotonin-gated ion channel receptor) is encoded by the HTR3A (also known as 5HT3R, HTR3) gene (Gene ID 3359) in human. Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is synthesized in enterochromaffin cells in the intestine and in serotonergic nerve terminals. In the periphery, 5-HT mediates gastrointestinal motility, platelet aggregation, and contraction of blood vessels. Many functions of the central nervous system are influenced by 5-HT, including sleep, motor activity, sensory perception, arousal and appetite. A family of 12 GPCRs and one ion channel mediate the biological effects of 5-HT. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3 (5-HT3R) is a ligand-gated ion channel involved in many neurophysiological functions and is widely expressed throughout the brain and in peripheral organs. Five different subunits (A through E) have been identified, with the homopentameric 5-HT3A being the most studied form. 5-HT3A is produced with a signal peptide sequence (a.a. 1-23), which is removed posttranslationally to yield the mature 4-transmembrane (a.a. 242-268, 274-292, 303-321, 456-475) ion channel with both its N- and C-terminal ends exposed extracellularly (a.a. 24-241 and 476-478).