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Beschreibung

A cell-permeable, orally bioavailable natural product isolated from the plant species, Piper longum L, which selectively induces cell death in cancer cells that express both wild-type and mutant p53, dose-dependently from 1-15 µ,M, but not in primary normal cells and non-transformed immortalized cells. It significantly enhances wild-type p53 and PUMA expression, and inhibits the expression of several pro-survival proteins, including BCL2, surviving, and XIAP, in various types of cancer cells, but not in normal cells. It elicits ROS and apoptosis in several human cancer cells (EJ, MDA-MB-231, U2OS and MDA-MB-435), possibly through interaction with oxidative stress responders such as GSTP1 and CBR1, and can be reversed by NAC (3 mM) in EJ cells. Additionally, it exhibits anti-tumour effects and inhibits the formation of blood vessels in xenograft-tumour mice without obvious toxicity, and inhibits tumor growth and their associated metastases in a MMTV-PyVT breast cancer transgenic mouse model ( 2.4 mg/kg, daily for two weeks, i.p.), which is more effective than paclitaxel.