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Beschreibung

A cell permeable imidazoxanthine shown to decrease TGF-beta stimulated reporter activity in a dose-dependent manner in HEK293 reporter cells, with an IC50 of 4.1 µ,M without cell cytotoxicity. Inhibits TGF-beta receptor I (TbetaRI) and TGF-beta receptor II (TbetaRII) expression and its downstream Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation as well as JNK and ERK activity. In addition, it elicits TGF-beta-induced fibroblast differentiation with attenuated expression of several fibrotic markers such as alpha-SMA and fibronectin, and suppresses collagen accumulation in CCD-18Lu human normal lung fibroblasts.