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Beschreibung

Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit (UniProt P19838, also known as DNA-binding factor KBF1, EBP-1, NF-kappa-B, NF-kappaB, NF-kB1, NFkappaB, NFKB-p105, NFKB-p50, Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p50 subunit, Nuclear factor kappa-B DNA binding subunit, Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1) is encoded by the NFKB1 gene (Gene ID 4790) in human. NF-kappaB is a protein complex that plays a key role in regulating the immune response to infection/inflammation. NF-kappaB1 is synthesized as a 968 a.a protein (p105), which undergoes posttranslational processing to generate the p50 subunit (a.a. 1-433). The p50 NF-kappaB participates in target gene transactivation by forming heterodimers with RelA, RelB, or c-Rel. In addition, p50 homodimer can bind the nuclear protein Bcl-3 and form a functional transcriptional activator complex. In unstimulated cells, the NF-kappaB dimers are sequestered in the cytoplasm by the family of IkappaB (Inhibitor of kappaB) proteins (IkappaBalpha, IkappaBbeta, IkappaBepsilon, and Bcl-3). Upon stimulation, IkappaB becomes phosphorylated by the IkappaB kinase (IKK) complex, leading to IkappaB ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. With the degradation of IkappaB, the NF-kappaB complex is then freed to enter the nucleus to activate the transcription of target genes.