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Beschreibung

Lactadherin (UniProt: P79385, also known as MFGM, Milk fat globule-EGF factor 8, MFG-E8, SED1, Sperm surface protein SP47, PP47) is encoded by the MFGE8 gene (Gene ID: 397545) in Boar. MFG-E8 is a peripheral membrane glycoprotein that is widely expressed in many cell types. At its N-terminal region, it contains two EGF-like repeats (aa 2-41 and 44-88). The second EGF repeat contains an RGF integrin-binding domain that allows its interaction with and activation of Vbeta3 and Vbeta5 integrins. It also has two C-terminal F5/8 type C domains. The second F5/8 type C domain exhibits high affinity for binding to phosphatidylserine present in cell membranes. MFG-E8 displays high affinity for glycoproteins on egg surface and contributes to the ability of sperm to adhere to the egg in an integrin-independent manner. It has been reported that although MFG-E8 is not absolutely essential for fertilization, its absence is shown to reduce fertility in mice. It has also been implicated in a variety of other physiological functions. MFG-E8 can bind apoptotic cells via its F5/8C domains, and its RGD motif is shown to be essential for cell engulfment by macrophages. In the mammary glands, it is required for clearance of apoptotic cells during mammary gland involution at the end of lactation. Defects in or lack of MFG-E8 can cause the accumulation of apoptotic cell remnants, duct distension and mastitis. (Ref.: Zigo, M., et al. (2015). Cell Tissue Res. 359(3), 895-908, Ensslin, MA., and Shur, BD. (2007). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104(8), 2715-2720).