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Beschreibung

Secretory phospholipase A2 receptor (UniProt Q13018, also known as 180 kDa secretory phospholipase A2 receptor, C-type lectin domain family 13 member C, M-type receptor, Phospholipase A2 receptor 1) is encoded by the PLA2R1 (also known as CLEC13C, PLA2G1R, PLA2R, PLA2IR) gene (Gene ID 22925) in human. PLA2R is initially produced with a signal peptide sequence (a.a. 1-20), the cleavage of which yields the mature type I transmembrane receptor composed of a short cytoplasmic tail (a.a. 1419-1463), a transmembrane segment (a.a. 1419-1463), and a large extracellular portion consisting of an N-terminal cystein-rich region, a fibronectin-like type II domain, and a tandem repeat of eight carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRDs). Both group IB and X secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) enzymes are identified as ligands orf PLA2R, while group IIA sPLA2s bind PLA2R with about 10-fold lower affinity when compared with group IB and X sPLA2s. In mice, the extracellular portion of PLA2R is reported to be cleaved off into a soluble form (sPLA2R) in blood, where it functions as a circulating sPLA2 inhibitory protein (PLI) that blocks both the receptor-binding and enzymatic activity of sPLA2.