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Beschreibung

Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (UniProt: Q9GZQ8, also known as Autophagy-related protein LC3 B, Autophagy-related ubiquitin-like modifier LC3 B, MAP1 light chain 3-like protein 2, MAP1A/MAP1B light chain 3 B, MAP1A/MAP1B LC3 B, Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta) is encoded by the MAP1LC3B (also known as MAP1ALC3) gene (Gene ID: 81631) in human. Autophagy-related protein LC3 A/B is an ubiquitin-like modifier that is involved in formation of autophagosomal vacuoles (autophagosomes). It plays a role in mitophagy that contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess reactive oxygen species production. It contains a microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (aa 2-120) and a propeptide region (aa 121-125) that is cleaved off in mature form. The precursor molecule is cleaved by ATG4B (between aa 120-121) to form the cytosolic form LC3-I, which is activated by ATG7 and then transferred to ATG3 and conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to generate the membrane-bound LC3-II. Phosphorylation at threonine12 by PKA inhibits conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Autophagy-related protein LC3 B is found to be most abundant in heart, brain, skeletal muscle and testis.