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Beschreibung

PCSK9 protein is an important protein in the regulation of plasma cholesterol homeostasis. PCSK9 binds various lipid receptor protein members including low density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR), very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), apolipoprotein E receptor (LRP1/APOER) and apolipoprotein receptor 2 (LRP8/APOER2) and promotes their degradation or sequestration. In neurons, PCSK9 regulates neuronal apoptosis via modulation of LRP8/APOER2 levels and related anti-apoptotic signaling pathways. PCSK9 is localized in cytoplasm but it is also secreted and thus can be found in endosomes, lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi as well. PCSK9 is expressed in normal cells such as Schwann cells and pancreatic epithelial cells but PCSK9 is also expressed in many cancers and cancer cells lines as well.